Rail freight volumes between China and the European Union experienced a notable decline during the first half of 2025, according to recent market data. This downturn marks a significant shift from the previous year’s surge in rail transport demand.
The decrease can be attributed primarily to the stabilisation of maritime shipping routes through the Red Sea. Throughout 2024, disruptions to maritime transport in the Red Sea region had prompted shippers to seek alternative transport solutions, with many turning to overland rail connections as a reliable substitute.
However, as maritime conditions returned to normal in early 2025, shipping companies have progressively shifted their cargo back to sea freight. The cost advantages and capacity of ocean transport have once again made it the preferred option for many businesses managing their supply chains between Asia and Europe.
The rail freight sector remains a vital component of the China-Europe trade corridor, particularly for time-sensitive and high-value goods. Industry experts anticipate that volumes may stabilise in the second half of 2025 as the market finds its new equilibrium between rail and maritime transport options.